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NONPRICE COMPETITION: A method of competition undertaken by firms in the same market (typically oligopoly firms) that involves advertising, brand-name promotion, support services, illegal activities, and everything but the price. Oligopoly firms are quite prone to nonprice competition due to the interdependence, especially such as that illustrated by the kinked-demand curve. Because oligopoly firms find difficulty competing through prices, they seek out alternative methods of competition, such as advertising or sabotage.
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INJECTION LINE: A line used in the injection-leakage model representing the relation between non-consumption expenditures (that is, injections) and national income. The three injections are investment expenditures, government purchases, and exports. The foundation of the injection line is the investment line, which is then enhanced by adding government purchases and exports. The other part of the injection-leakage model is a line representing leakages. The intersection of the injection and leakage lines identifies equilibrium aggregate output, or Keynesian equilibrium. See also | injection | injection-leakage model | leakage | investment expenditures | government purchases | export | investment line | leakage line | Keynesian equilibrium | aggregate output |
Recommended Citation:INJECTION LINE, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2026. [Accessed: January 20, 2026].
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MARGINAL PROPENSITY TO IMPORT The change in imports purchased from the foreign induced by a change in income or production (national income or gross domestic product). The marginal propensity to import (abbreviated MPM) is another term for the slope of the imports line and is calculated as the change in imports divided by the change in income or production. The MPM plays a role in Keynesian economics. It augments the slope of the aggregate expenditures line and is part to the multiplier process. A related marginal measure is the marginal propensity to consume.
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