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THREE-SECTOR INJECTIONS-LEAKAGES MODEL: A model used to identify equilibrium in Keynesian economics based on injections (investment and government purchases) and leakages (saving and taxes) for the three domestic sectors (household, business, and government). Equilibrium is achieved at the intersection of the saving and tax line, S + T, and the investment and government purchases line, I + G.
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QUOTA: A limit on the quantity of some sort of activity. Two of the more noted quotas are for employment and imports. Employment quotas have been used as a means of providing increased opportunities to blacks, hispanics, women, and other groups that have been historically subject to discrimination. Such quotas, however, tend to anger other groups, especially white males, who don't get favorable treatment. While employment or similar anti-discrimination quota systems might help address historical problems, they are not without cost. In particular, our economy's efficiency is likely to suffer if a less qualified member of an ethnic group is selected over someone who is more qualified. Import quotas have similar problems. They are one form of trade barriers that's usually intended to reduce the competition faced by a domestic producer. See also | employment | import | discrimination | opportunity cost | efficiency | nontariff barrier | competition | market control | price |
Recommended Citation:QUOTA, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2018. [Accessed: October 20, 2018].
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UNSTABLE EQUILIBRIUM Equilibrium that is not restored if disrupted by an external force. Few economic models have an equilibrium that is unstable, reflecting the observation that the real world adapts to changes and maintains a fair degree of stability. However, there are situations where an unstable equilibrium more accurately reflects economic phenomena. The alternative to an unstable equilibrium is a stable equilibrium.
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Junk bonds are so called because they have a better than 50% chance of default, carrying a Standard & Poor's rating of CC or lower.
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"Failure is the opportunity to begin again, more intelligently. " -- Henry Ford, automobile manufacturer
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DBD
Declining Balance Depreciation
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