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DECREASING MARGINAL RETURNS: In the short-run production of a firm, an increase in the variable input results in a decrease in the marginal product of the variable input. Decreasing marginal returns typically surface after the first few quantities of a variable input are added to a fixed input. Compare this with increasing marginal returns. You should also compare this with diseconomies of scale associated with long-run production.

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Lesson Contents
Unit 1: Economics
  • Definition
  • More...
  • Unit 1 Summary
  • Unit 2: Doing Economics
  • Science and Policy
  • The Fields
  • Unit 2 Summary
  • Unit 3: The Economy
  • An Economy
  • A Mixed Economy: Markets and Government
  • A Mixed Economy: The Mix
  • Unit 3 Summary
  • Unit 4: Economic Goals
  • Economic Goals
  • Tradeoffs
  • Unit 4 Summary
  • Unit 5: Economic Policies
  • The Concept
  • Reasons
  • Problems
  • Unit 5 Summary
  • Course Home
    Economic Basics

    This lesson provides an introduction and overview of economics. You'll come across a number of basic concepts and terms. The full importance of these might not be apparent until later lessons, but they WILL be important. Like other lessons to come, this one is divided into five units.

    • The first unit, Economics, offers up a definition of economics and provides two useful lists -- the three questions of allocation and the seven rules of economics.
    • The second unit, Doing Economics, explores the practice of economics, including positive and normative economics, macroeconomics and microeconomics, and six common logical fallacies.
    • In the third unit, An Economy, we turn our attention to real world economies that contain a mix of markets and governments.
    • We then examine the five basic goals of a mixed economy in the fourth unit, Economic Goals, including the three macro goals of full employment, stability, and growth; and the two micro goals of efficiency and equity.
    • The fifth and final unit in this lesson, Economic Policies, considers assorted economic policies that governments use to achieve the five economic goals.

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    PUBLIC CHOICE

    The study of collective decisions made by groups of individuals, especially those decisions made by government organizations. As the name suggests, public choice is primarily the study of how choices (decisions) are made by the public (government) sector. Such choices are made, in principle, on behalf of the public or all members of society, to correct market failures or imperfections in the private sector. However, in that the world is imperfect on all fronts, the government sector also comes up short in many cases, with inefficient imperfections due to election seeking politicians, ignorant and abstaining voters, special interest groups, and government bureaucracies.

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    APLS

    BROWN PRAGMATOX
    [What's This?]

    Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at an auction hoping to buy either a key chain with a built-in flashlight and panic button or a green and yellow striped sweater vest. Be on the lookout for poorly written technical manuals.
    Your Complete Scope

    This isn't me! What am I?

    The standard "debt" notation I.O.U. does not mean "I owe you," but actually stands for "I owe unto..."
    "Defeat is simply a signal to press onward. "

    -- Helen Keller, author, lecturer

    SLTX
    Sales Tax
    A PEDestrian's Guide
    Xtra Credit
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