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QUANTITY THEORY OF MONEY: A theory that states a given percentage change in the money supply leads to an equal percentage change in nominal gross domestic product. This theory is derived from the equation of exchange and is a cornerstone of the monetarists view of macroeconomics. A key assumption in translating the equation of exchange to the quantity theory of money is that the velocity of money is constant (or unaffected by the other key variables--output, price level, and money supply).
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BUSINESS CYCLE MEASUREMENT: Three of the most noted and often used measures of business cycle activity are real gross domestic product (especially the growth rate), unemployment rate, and inflation rate. Another group of measures fall under the broad heading of economic indicators and include leading economic indicators, coincident economic indicators, and lagging economic indicators. Real sophisticated economic types also follow measures such as changes in business inventories, Producer Price Index, M2 money supply, durable goods order, and others. See also | business cycle | macroeconomics | expansion | contraction | unemployment | inflation | peak | trough | real gross domestic product | growth rate | unemployment rate | inflation rate | economic indicators | leading economic indicator | coincident economic indicator | lagging economic indicator | business inventories | Producer Price Index | M2 | money supply | durable goods, consumption |  Recommended Citation:BUSINESS CYCLE MEASUREMENT, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: June 30, 2025].
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AUTONOMOUS EXPENDITURES Expenditures on aggregate production by the four macroeconomic sectors that do not depend on income or production (especially national income or even gross domestic product). That is, changes in income do not generate changes in these expenditures. Each of the four aggregate expenditures--consumption, investment expenditures, government purchases, and net exports--have an autonomous component. Autonomous expenditures are affected by the ceteris paribus aggregate expenditures determinants and are measured by the intercept term of the aggregate expenditures line. The alternative to autonomous expenditures are induced expenditures, expenditures which do depend on income.
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Two and a half gallons of oil are needed to produce one automobile tire.
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"I learned about the strength you can get from a close family life. I learned to keep going, even in bad times. I learned not to despair, even when my world was falling apart. I learned that there are no free lunches. And I learned the value of hard work. " -- Lee Iacocca
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X Exports;Marks the Spot
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