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LONG-RUN ADJUSTMENT, PERFECT COMPETITION: The combined adjustment of a perfectly competitive industry and of each firm in the industry to an equilibrium condition that eliminates all economic profits and losses, while each firm selects a factor size that maximizes profit. This adjustment process involves two parts. One is the adjustment of each perfectly competitive firm to the appropriate factory size that maximizes long-run profit. The other is the entry of firms into the industry or exit of firms out of the industry, to eliminated economic profits or economic losses. The end result of this long-run adjustment is a multi-faceted equilibrium condition: P = AR = MR = MC = LRMC = ATC = LRAC
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DIAMOND-WATER PARADOX: The perplexing observation that water, which is more useful than diamonds, has a lower price. If price is related to utility, how can this occur? This paradox was first proposed by classical economists in the 19th century and was subsequently used as a stepping stone for developing the notion of marginal utility and the role it plays in the demand price of a good. The paradox is magically cleared up with an understanding of marginal utility and total utility. People are willing to pay a higher price for goods with greater marginal utility. As such, water which is plentiful has enormous total utility, but a low price because of a low marginal utility. Diamonds, however, have less total utility because they are less plentiful, but a high price because of a high marginal utility. See also | price | demand price | utility | marginal utility | total utility | consumer surplus | law of diminishing marginal utility | marginal utility-price ratio | marginal utility and demand |
Recommended Citation:DIAMOND-WATER PARADOX, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: July 14, 2025].
AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia:Additional information on this term can be found at: WEB*pedia: diamond-water paradox
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CURRENT SURPLUS OF GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES The excess of revenue over cost received by government-operated firms that sell their output through markets and otherwise operate like private, profit-oriented firms. This is one component of the official entry government subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises found in the National Income and Product Accounts maintained by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, that separates national income (the resource cost of production) and gross (and net) domestic product (the market value of production).
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There were no banks in colonial America before the U.S. Revolutionary War. Anyone seeking a loan did so from another individual.
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"Concentrate all your thoughts upon the work at hand. The sun's rays do not burn until brought to a focus." -- Alexander Graham Bell, inventor
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CFA
Cash Flow Accounting
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