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BENEFIT PRINCIPLE: A principle of taxation in which taxes are based on the benefits received by people using the good financed with the tax. The benefit principle is often difficult to implement because by their very nature, many government produced goods (public goods) do not have easily measured benefits. But in those cases where benefits are identifiable, government is not shy about establishing taxes, fees, or charges in accordance with the benefit principle. Public college tuition, national park admission fees, and gasoline excise taxes are three common examples. The beneficiaries of education, a wilderness experience, and highway use are asked (required) to pay accordingly.

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EXCESS DEMAND: A disequilibrium condition in a competitive market in which the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied, hence there's "extra" demand. Pointy-headed economists generally use the more technical term shortage rather than excess demand. The reason, of course, is that shortage has two syllables and excess demand has four. The time saved in pronouncing two syllables rather than four is a definite efficiency plus for the entire economy.

     See also | market | shortage | disequilibrium | competitive market | quantity demanded | quantity supplied | price |


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EXCESS DEMAND, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2023. [Accessed: June 5, 2023].


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ALTERNATIVE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES

The official unemployment rate estimated and reported monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) using data from Current Population Survey is one of six alternative measures of unemployment tracked and reported by the BLS, officially labeled sequentially U1 through U6. The "official" unemployment rate is U3. The other five measures seek to document different ways in which labor can be under utilized, including unemployment duration, job losers, discouraged workers, marginal workers, and part-time workers.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at the confiscated property police auction looking to buy either clothing for your pet dog or an ink cartridge for your printer. Be on the lookout for the last item on a shelf.
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A scripophilist is one who collects rare stock and bond certificates, usually from extinct companies.
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