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SHORT-RUN EQUILIBRIUM: The condition that exists for the aggregate market when the product and financial markets are in equilibrium, but the resource markets are not. This condition results in the short run because of worker misperceptions about real wages and/or rigid wages and prices. It is represented by the intersection of the AD (aggregate demand) curve and the SRAS (short-run aggregate supply) curve and can be greater than or less than full employment.
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X-INEFFICIENCY: Cost that is higher than it needs to be because a firm is operating inefficiently. This is most often seen for firms that have a great deal of market control, especially monopoly. The lack of competition allows a business to pad it's expenses, hire unneeded employees (like relatives), goof off instead of working, and all sorts of other things that lessen production and increase cost. The business is not penalized for these actions, because market control allows the company to extract whatever price is needed to cover cost. See also | economic rent | profit | opportunity cost | efficiency | market control | monopoly | natural monopoly | average-cost pricing | public utility |
Recommended Citation:X-INEFFICIENCY, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: July 5, 2025].
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LOGROLLING The trading of votes to ensure a favorable outcome for two or more separate decisions. Logrolling occurs when each of two people agree to vote for the other's project to ensure that both are passed. A votes for B and B votes for A. Logrolling is commonly used when neither decision is able to obtain the necessary majority of the votes needed for passage on their own accord. Explicit logrolling is when each of two voters agree to cast separate votes for two separate programs. Implicit logrolling is when two separate programs or policies are combined into a single package, which is then subject to a single vote. Logrolling can generate either an efficient or an inefficient allocation of resources, meaning that efficiency is irrelevant to the logrolling process.
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Before 1933, the U.S. dime was legal as payment only in transactions of $10 or less.
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"Plans are only good intentions unless they immediately degenerate into hard work." -- Peter Drucker, management consultant
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SSRN
Social Science Research Network
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