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BALANCE OF PAYMENTS: The difference between the funds received by a country and those paid by a country for all international transactions. The international transactions include the exchange of merchandise (exports and imports), which is commonly summarized as the balance of trade, plus the exchange of services, summarized as the balance of services, as well as any gifts or transfer payments that do not involve the exchange of goods and services. The balance of payments, in effect, indicates the difference between currency coming into a country and that flowing out of the country. The balance of payments is divided into two accounts -- current account (which includes payments for imports, exports, services, and transfers) and capital account (which includes payments for physical and financial assets).
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                           MARKET SOCIALISM: A type of economy, or economic system, based on--(1) government, rather than individual, ownership of many resources, especially those like heavy manufacturing, energy reserves, widely used raw materials (lumber, steel), and transportation systems, that are deemed critical to the operation of the economy; (2) answering three questions of allocation with a combination of central planning by government and decentralized decision-making by individual factories and the owners of non-critical resources; (3) the limited use of markets to exchange farm products and retail consumer goods; (4) economic and monetary incentives, such as bonuses, paid to the workers of government-owned facilities to encourage efficiency and increased productivity. Market socialism is a form of socialism that attempts to blend voluntary market exchanges with government oversight and control. It was developed during the late 1960s and early 1970s, primarily by socialist economies in Europe, in an attempt to address the inefficiencies of socialism.Market socialism was designed to augment the government control of a command economy with the efficiency of market exchanges. Market socialism sought to paint the "big picture" of the economy with a moderate degree of central planning, avoid the inefficiency problems of monopoly and market control with government ownership of key industries, and encourage efficient exchanges and resource allocation using markets and decentralized decision-making. Market socialism resides in the middle of the spectrum of economic systems, bounded by a pure market economy on one end and a pure command economy on the other. It is, perhaps more so than other economic systems, a prime example of a mixed economy. Allocation decisions are undertaken by both governments and markets.
Recommended Citation:MARKET SOCIALISM, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: October 4, 2024].
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The 1909 Lincoln penny was the first U.S. coin with the likeness of a U.S. President.
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"Courage is the ladder on which all the other virtues mount." -- Claire Boothe Luce, diplomat, writer
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CPI-U
Consumer Price Index-All Urban Consumers
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