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BOND RATING: A measure of the ability of a firm to meet its debt obligations or credit worthiness. Basically, a bond rating summarizes the assessment of a firm's net worth, cash flow and viability of projects so that investors can assign the size of the default-risk premium to the bond. These measurements are so important that investors frequently pay professional analysts to collect, monitor and process information about firms. Standard and Poor's Corporation and Moody's Investors Service are two of the most respected bond rating agencies.

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Lesson Contents
Unit 1: Instability
  • What It Is
  • Fluctuations
  • Unit 1 Summary
  • Unit 2: Extension
  • Instability
  • Self-Correction
  • Unit 2 Summary
  • Unit 3: Basic Shifts
  • AD Shifts
  • AD Increase: Long Run
  • AD Decrease: Long Run
  • AD Increase: Short Run
  • AD Decrease: Short Run
  • Unit 3 Summary
  • Unit 4: Complex Shifts
  • AD
  • AD Increase
  • AD Decrease
  • SRAS
  • SRAS Increase
  • SRAS Decrease
  • Unit 4 Summary
  • Unit 5: Synthesis
  • Business Cycles
  • Unit 5 Summary
  • Course Home
    Aggregate Shocks

    In this lesson we use the aggregate market model to analyze assorted disruptions that cause shifts of the aggregate demand, short-run aggregate supply, and long-run aggregate supply curves. The reason for doing this, of course, is to explain and understand macroeconomic activity, especially business cycle instability that causes inflation and unemployment.

    • The first unit of this lesson reviews the aggregate market and examines how it is affected macroeconomic instability.
    • In the second unit, we take and look at assorted demands on both the demand side and supply side of the aggregate market that cause shorts to the aggregate market.
    • We then move into an analysis of six basic shifts involving increases and decreases in the aggregate demand, short-run aggregate supply, and long-run aggregate supply curves.
    • The fourth unit builds on these six basic shifts to examine four complex shifts in which recessionary and inflationary gaps trigger self-correction adjustments of the short-run aggregate supply.
    • We close out this lesson in the fifth with a thought or two on how the aggregate market can be used to explain business cycle fluctuations.

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    REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS

    Short-term loans in which borrower sell assets to lenders with the agreement to purchase the assets at a later time a higher price. The assets most commonly sold are short-term U.S. Treasury securities and the higher price includes an interest payment on the loan. Repurchase agreements, also termed repos, are commonly used by the borrowers (that is, the sellers) to acquire short-term liquidity without foregoing the longer term investment returns from the assets. Repurchase agreements, along with other institutional investment near monies, are added to M2 to derive M3.

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    APLS

    GRAY SKITTERY
    [What's This?]

    Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for the new strip mall out on the highway seeking to buy either a rechargeable flashlight or storage boxes for your computer software CDs. Be on the lookout for bottles of barbeque sauce that act TOO innocent.
    Your Complete Scope

    This isn't me! What am I?

    The average bank teller loses about $250 every year.
    "An idea is never given to you without you being given the power to make it reality."

    -- Richard Bach, Author

    CCA
    Capital Cost Allowance
    A PEDestrian's Guide
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