INPUT: The resources or factors of production used in the production of a firm's output. This term is most frequently associated with the analysis of short-run production, and is often modified by the terms fixed and variable, as in fixed input and variable input. In the short run, the quantity of a fixed input can not be changed, meaning it can not be used to expand output. In contrast, a variable input can be changed, making it THE means of expanding output in the short run.

     See also | resources | factors of production | short-run production | fixed input | variable input | output | production | law of diminishing marginal returns | marginal product | average product | total product |

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The official factor payment item in the National Income and Product Accounts maintained by the Bureau of Economics Analysis measuring the combined payments for all four factors of production used in owner-operated business firms. Specifically, proprietors' income is the excess of revenue over explicit production cost of owner-operated businesses and includes payments for labor, capital, land, and entrepreneurship. This is one of five official factor payments making up national income. The other four are compensation of employees, rental income of persons, net interest, and corporate profits. Proprietors' income is usually less than 10 percent of national income, typically in the 7 to 10 percent range.

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