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URBANIZATION ECONOMIES: A reduction in production cost the results when diverse activities are located in a concentrated urban area. Urbanization economies applied to all types of activities that benefit from assorted urban "amenities" such as public utilities, government services, information services that are inclined to experience decreasing average cost with large scale production. If, for example, a city has sufficient demand for a more efficiency, larger scale electrical generation plant, then everyone can benefit from lower electricity rates.
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REAL: The value after adjusting for inflation. Pointy-headed economist are frequently interested in comparing stuff (production, income, or whatever) in one year with similar stuff in another year. However, in that inflation can distort such a comparison, it's best made using a fixed set of prices that eliminate inflationary changes. In practice, this is accomplished by using the prices in an arbitrary "base year." Once the price differences have been eliminated, the numbers are said to be measured in real dollars. See also | inflation | nominal | production | income | real gross domestic product | real interest rate | real production | price level |  Recommended Citation:REAL, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2023. [Accessed: September 23, 2023].
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MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION A market structure characterized by a large number of small firms, similar but not identical products sold by all firms, relative freedom of entry into and exit out of the industry, and extensive knowledge of prices and technology. This is one of four basic market structures. The other three are perfect competition, monopoly, and oligopoly. Monopolistic competition approximates most of the characteristics of perfect competition, but falls short of reaching the ideal benchmark that IS perfect competition. It is the best approximation of perfect competition that the real world offers.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD [What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time going from convenience store to convenience store wanting to buy either an AC adapter for your CD player or storage boxes for your family photos. Be on the lookout for crowded shopping malls. Your Complete Scope
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Woodrow Wilson's portrait adorned the $100,000 bill that was removed from circulation in 1929. Woodrow Wilson was removed from circulation in 1924.
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"People of mediocre ability sometimes achieve outstanding success because they don't know when to quit. " -- George Allen, U.S. senator
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GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services
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