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PERFECT COMPETITION, LONG-RUN ADJUSTMENT: A perfectly competitive industry undertakes a two-part adjustment to equilibrium in the long run. One is the adjustment of each perfectly competitive firm to the appropriate factory size that maximizes long-run profit. The other is the entry of firms into the industry or exit of firms out of the industry, to eliminate economic profit or economic loss. The end result of this long-run adjustment is a multi-faceted equilibrium condition that price is equal to marginal cost and average cost (both short run and long run).
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U-SHAPED COST CURVES The family of short-run cost curves consisting of average total cost, average variable cost, and marginal cost, all of which have U-shapes. Each is U-shaped because it begins with relatively high but falling cost for small quantities of output, reaches a minimum value, then has rising cost at large quantities of output. Although the average fixed cost curve is not U-shaped, it is occasionally included with the other three just for sake of completeness.
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An Altogether Look at UNIONSHey, look! Is that who I think it is? Yes of course, that's Dan Dreiling the drywall guy. You might recall that Dan repaired a hole in my living room wall back in Fact 7. He's coming out of the Mona Mallard Duct Tape Industries plant with all of the duct tape factory workers. And he seems most distressed. Let's get to the bottom of this. Here's his story. The drywall business sort of dried up, and Dan has taken up employment in the exciting field of duct tape fabrication. The duct tape workers, though, are talking union. Dan's indecisive about this move toward unionization. Perhaps we can help him out. Let's stroll around the often controversial topic of labor unions.
Tell me more...
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ORANGE REBELOON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a garage sale hoping to buy either an AC adapter for your CD player or storage boxes for your family photos. Be on the lookout for fairy dust that tastes like salt.
Your Complete Scope
This isn't me! What am I?
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The first paper notes printed in the United States were in denominations of 1 cent, 5 cents, 25 cents, and 50 cents.
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"As the births of living creatures at first are ill-shapen, so are all innovations, which are the births of time. " -- Sir Francis Bacon, philosopher
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L/C
Letter of Credit
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