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March 16, 2026 

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MARGIN REQUIREMENT: The fraction of the purchase price of financial investments, like stocks and bonds, that the buyer must pay for in cash. The remaining part of the purchase price can thus be financed with credit.

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PRICE-COST MARGIN: The difference between price (p) and marginal cost (mc) as a fraction of price, that is [p-mc]/p. The price-cost margin is usually taken as an indicator of market power because the larger the margin, the larger the difference between price and marginal cost, that is, the larger the distance between the price and the competitive price. The price-cost margin depends on the elasticity of demand. The price-cost margin is also called the Lerner index of market power.

     See also | market power | monopoly | price | competitive market | price maker | price leadership | marginal-cost pricing | Lerner index |


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PRICE-COST MARGIN, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2026. [Accessed: March 16, 2026].


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PRODUCT INNOVATION

An innovation of a new product, technology, or idea that generates a beneficial improvement in society and the economy; one that is fundamentally different from existing products, technologies, or ideas. The contrast is with a process innovation, which is an improvement in an existing product, technology, or idea.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at an auction wanting to buy either a package of 3 by 5 index cards, the ones without lines or a blue mechanical pencil. Be on the lookout for crowded shopping malls.
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