AmosWEB is Economics: GLOSS*arama

Friday
July 26, 2024

AmosWEB means Economics with a Touch of Whimsy!

PRESENT VALUE: The amount of money today that, after interest is added, would have the same value as an amount some time in the future. For example, $100 today, given a 10 percent interest rate, would have a value of $110 in one year ($100 plus $10 in interest). Conversely, $110 in one year, given a 10 percent interest rate, would be equivalent to $100 today. The process of translating a future payment into its present value, such an amount to be received when a bond reaches its date of maturity, is often termed discounting.

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FULL-EMPLOYMENT BUDGET: A hypothetical federal budget that would exist if the economy were at full employment. Differences between the actual federal budget and the full-employment budget result from taxes and expenditures that depend on gross domestic product. The full-employment budget indicates whether any of the federal government's fiscal policy is over- or under-stimulating the economy given the current position in the business cycle. During a recession the federal deficit should be just enough to generate a balanced budget at full employment. The same result is desirable if we're running a surplus with inflation. If the full-employment budget is NOT balanced, however, then we're doing too much or too little by way of fiscal policy and changes are in order.

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FULL-EMPLOYMENT BUDGET, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: July 26, 2024].

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TAX INCIDENCE

The portion of a tax paid by each side of a market based on differences in the pre-tax equilibrium price and the after-tax demand price and supply price. Because a tax drives a wedge between demand price and supply price, the incidence or burden of a tax typically falls on both buyers and sellers. How much each side pays depends on the relative price elasticity of demand and supply. Buyers pay the entire tax only in the case of a perfectly elastic supply or perfectly inelastic demand. Sellers pay the entire tax only in the case of a perfectly elastic demand or perfectly inelastic supply.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through the yellow pages seeking to buy either a coffee cup commemorating the first day of spring or a printer that works with your stockpile of ink cartridges. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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The first "Black Friday" on record, a friday marked by a major financial catastrophe, occurred on September 24, 1869 -- A FRIDAY -- when an attempted cornering of the gold market induced a financial crises and economy-wide depression.

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