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November 7, 2025 

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ECONOMIST: A individual, usually a homo sapien, who has received extensive training in economic theories, applications, and analysis and whose primary employment involves the research, teaching, consulting, and other applications of this economic training. Many economists are employed by institutions of higher education for the expressed purpose of enlightening impressionable college students in the wily ways of economic analysis. Other economists are employed by government agencies -- federal, state, and local -- for the expressed purpose of applying economic analysis to important policy decisions.

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MARGINAL COST: The change in total cost (or total variable cost) resulting from a change in the quantity of output produced by a firm in the short run. Marginal cost indicates how much total cost changes for a give change in the quantity of output. Because changes in total cost are matched by changes in total variable cost in the short run (remember total fixed cost is fixed), marginal cost is the change in either total cost or total variable cost. Marginal cost, usually abbreviated MC, is found by dividing the change in total cost (or total variable cost) by the change in output.

     See also | total cost | total variable cost | marginal cost curve | quantity | law of diminishing marginal returns | technology | resource prices | increasing marginal returns | decreasing marginal returns | U-shaped cost curves | average total cost | average variable cost | average fixed cost | total cost |


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MARGINAL COST, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: November 7, 2025].


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KINKED-DEMAND CURVE

A demand curve with two distinct segments which have different elasticities that join to form a corner or kink. The primary use of the kinked-demand curve is to explain price rigidity in oligopoly. The two segments are: (1) a relatively more elastic segment for price increases and (2) a relatively less elastic segment for price decreases. The relative elasticities of these two segments is based on the interdependent decision-making of oligopolistic firms.

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A U.S. dime has 118 groves around its edge, one fewer than a U.S. quarter.
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