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NEEDS STANDARD: One of three basic income distribution standards (the other two are contributive standard and equality standard). The needs standard distributes income based on how many goods and services people require. A manual laborer, for example, who exerts more physical effort, would receive more income to buy more food that an office worker who burns fewer calories during the day. The U.S. welfare system primarily employs this needs standard when determining the poverty line and subsequent welfare payments.
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                           OTHER PRICES, SUPPLY DETERMINANT: The prices of other goods that influence the decision to sell a particular good, which are assumed constant when a supply curve is constructed. Other prices can be for goods that are either substitutes-in-production or complements-in-production. This is one of five supply determinants that shift the supply curve when they change. The other four are resource prices, production technology, sellers' expectations, and number of sellers. The supply for one good is based on the prices of other goods that use the same resources for production. A change in the price of a substitute good (or substitute-in-production) induces sellers to alter the mix of goods produced, that is, to produce more of one good and less of another. An increase in the price of a substitute motivates sellers to sell less of this good as more of the substitute good is produced. A change in the price of a complement good (or complement-in-production) induces sellers to supply more or less of both goods, jointly. An increase in the price of a complement motivates sellers to sell more of this good as they sell more of the complement good, too.Substitute and ComplementWhen it comes to the other prices supply determinant, goods fall into one of two types--substitute and complement.- Substitute-in-Production: A substitute-in-production is one of two (or more) goods that is produced using the same resources in an either/or fashion. Supplies produce one good or the other, but not both. Devoting resources to the production of one good means they cannot be used to produce the other. An example is using farmland and other resources to produce one of two crops, either corn or soybeans.
- Complement-in-Production: A complement-in-production is one of two (or more) goods that is produced jointly with a given resource. One good is often produced as a bi-product of another. Producing one good does not prevent production of the other, but actually enables production of the other. Examples include beef and leather, both produced from the same cow.
Shifting the Supply Curve| Other Prices |  |
Changes in the prices of other goods cause the supply curve to shift. This can be illustrated using the positively-sloped supply curve for Wacky Willy Stuffed Amigos presented in this exhibit. This supply curve captures the specific one-to-one, law of supply relation between supply price and quantity supplied. Other prices are assumed to remain constant with the construction of this supply curve.Now, consider how changes in other prices shift the supply curve. The supply curve is affected in a different way for a change in the price of a substitute good than for a complement good. - Substitute-in-Production: An increase in the price of a substitute good causes a decrease in supply and a leftward shift of the supply curve. With the higher price, sellers sell more of the substitute good and less of this good. Click the [Other Price Up] button under the Substitute-in-Production heading to demonstrate.
A decrease in the price of a substitute good causes an increase in supply and a rightward shift of the supply curve. With the lower price, sellers sell less of the substitute good and more of this good. Click the [Other Price Down] button under the Substitute-in-Production heading to demonstrate.
- Complement-in-Production: An increase in the price of a complement good causes an increase in supply and a rightward shift of the supply curve. With the higher price, sellers sell more of the complement good and thus more of this good, too. Click the [Other Price Up] button under the Complement-in-Production heading to demonstrate.
A decrease in the price of a complement good causes a decrease in supply and a leftward shift of the supply curve. With the lower price, sellers sell less of the complement good and thus less of this good, too. Click the [Other Price Down] button under the Complement-in-Production heading to demonstrate.
Recommended Citation:OTHER PRICES, SUPPLY DETERMINANT, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: April 25, 2025].
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PINK FADFLY
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a going out of business sale looking to buy either a T-shirt commemorating the 2000 Olympics or a genuine fake plastic Tiffany lamp. Be on the lookout for mail order catalogs with hidden messages.
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Rosemary, long associated with remembrance, was worn as wreaths by students in ancient Greece during exams.
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"The greatest things ever done on Earth have been done little by little. " -- William Jennings Bryan
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PSE
Pacific Stock Exchange (US, LA and San Francisco)
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