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ACCOUNTING COST: The actual outlays or expenses incurred in production that shows up a firm's accounting statements or records. Accounting costs, while very important to accountants, company CEOs, shareholders, and the Internal Revenue Service, is only minimally important to economists. The reason is that economists are primarily interested in economic cost (also called opportunity cost). That fact is that accounting costs and economic costs aren't always the same. An opportunity or economic cost is the value of foregone production. Some economic costs, actually a lot of economic opportunity costs, never show up as accounting costs. Moreover, some accounting costs, while legal, bonified payments by a firm, are not associated with any sort of opportunity cost.
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                           UNIT ELASTIC: An elasticity alternative in which changes in one variable (usually price) cause equal proportional changes in another variable (usually quantity). In other words, any change in price, whether big or small, triggers exactly the same percentage change in quantity. Quantity changes match price changes. This characterization of elasticity is most important for the price elasticity of demand and the price elasticity of supply. Unit elastic is one of five elasticity alternatives. The other four are perfectly elastic, perfectly inelastic, relatively elastic, and relatively inelastic. | Alternative | Coefficient (E) | | Perfectly Elastic | E = ∞ | | Relatively Elastic | 1 < E < ∞ | | Unit Elastic | E = 1 | | Relatively Inelastic | 0 < E < 1 | | Perfectly Inelastic | E = 0 |
Unit elastic means that any change in price causes an equal proportion change in quantity. Quantity changes are matched by price changes. More specifically, the percentage change in quantity is equal to the percentage change in price. Unit elastic demand occurs when buyers can choose from among a modest number of substitutes in the consumption of a good. In an analogous way, unit elastic supply occurs when sellers can choose among a modest number of substitutes in the production.The chart to the right displays the five alternatives based on the coefficient of elasticity (E). In technical shorthand (which can be used by anyone with math symbols tattooed on their hands), the coefficient of elasticity (E) is given as: E = 1 This technical shorthand works for both the price elasticity of demand and the price elasticity of supply, because the negative value of the price elasticity of demand is ignored. If the negative sign is not ignored, the price elasticity of demand is given by E = -1 Two Curves| Unit Elastic Curves |  |
Unit elastic demand and supply are best understood and more easily seen with pictures. The blank graph presented here is ready and willing to display a unit elastic demand curve and a unit elastic supply curve. All this is needed is click the corresponding buttons labeled [Demand] and [Supply].Notice that the unit elastic demand curve is, in fact, a curve (rather than a straight line), while the unit elastic supply curve is a straight line that originates from the origin. Both curves are configured such that a given percentage change in price is matched by an equal percentage change in quantity. The key for demand is that the slope of the curve is steep for high prices and small quantities and flat for low prices and large quantities. The key for supply is that the line goes through the origin. If the price is zero, so too is the quantity. Examples Anyone?While it would be useful to discuss a few examples of unit elastic demand and supply, such is not really possible. This is not due to any moral, religious, or philosophical objection to doing so. It is because that, unlike other elasticity alternatives, there is nothing particularly notable about goods that are unit elastic. Rather than a distinctive category, unit elastic is primarily a dividing line, a boundary, between elastic and inelastic. If the coefficient of elasticity is greater than one, then a good is elastic. If the coefficient of elasticity is less than one, then a good is inelastic. If the coefficient just happens to be exactly equal to one, then it is unit elastic. There is nothing intrinsic about a good in terms of either production or consumption that give rise to unit elastic.
Recommended Citation:UNIT ELASTIC, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2013. [Accessed: December 10, 2013].
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State of the ECONOMY
Retail Sales
October 2013
$428.1 million
Up 0.4% from Sept. 2013 Source: Econ Stats Adm.
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PURPLE SMARPHIN
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store seeking to buy either a coffee table shaped like the state of Florida or storage boxes for your summer clothes. Be on the lookout for high interest rates.
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There were no banks in colonial America before the U.S. Revolutionary War. Anyone seeking a loan did so from another individual.
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"The greatest barrier to success is the fear of failure." -- Sven Goran Eriksson, writer
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TFC
Total Fix Cost
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