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October 12, 2024 

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CAPITAL GAINS TAX: A tax on the difference between the sales price of a "capital" asset and it's original purchase price. The capital assets subject to this tax include such things real estate, stocks, and bonds. This tax is frequently a source of controversy between the second and third estates. In that the second estate owns and sells a lot of this sort of capital, they don't like to pay taxes on capital gains. However, because the third estate doesn't have much capital it seems like a pretty good thing to tax. Those who oppose the capital gains tax argue that it takes away funds that would be used for further capital investment, which thus inhibits economic growth. Those who favor it argue that helps equalize unfairly unequal income and wealth distributions.

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VERY LONG RUN, MICROECONOMICS: A production time period in which all inputs are variable, including those under control of the firm and those beyond the control of the firm. During the very long run, not only are the labor, capital, land, and entrepreneurship inputs variable, but so too are key production inputs such as government rules, technology, and social customs. This is one of four production time periods used in the study of microeconomics. The other three are short run, long run, and very short run.

     See also | production time periods | short run, microeconomics | long run, microeconomics | very short run, microeconomics | production inputs | fixed input | variable input | production | production cost | variables | labor | capital | law of supply | economic analysis | marginal analysis | factors of production | microeconomics | market | price | quantity supplied | short-run production | long-run production analysis | production function | product | total product | marginal product | average product | law of diminishing marginal returns | marginal returns | production stages | division of labor | production possibilities | economic growth |


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VERY LONG RUN, MICROECONOMICS, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: October 12, 2024].


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MARKET STRUCTURES

The manner in which markets or industries are organized, based largely on the number of participants in the market or industry and the extent of market control of each participant. Perfect competition represents the benchmark market structure that contains a large number of participants on both sides of the market, and no market control by any firm. Three market structure models with varying degrees of market control on the supply side of the market are: monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly. Three lesser known market structures with varying degrees of market control on the demand side of the market are: monopsony, oligopsony, and monopsonistic competition.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching for a specialty store seeking to buy either clothing for your pet dog or an ink cartridge for your printer. Be on the lookout for letters from the Internal Revenue Service.
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Rosemary, long associated with remembrance, was worn as wreaths by students in ancient Greece during exams.
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